Qing dynasty of china
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Northeast of Ancient China, in the land of Manchuria, people called the Manchus became stronger and stronger. In 1636, they conquered Korea and made it a vassal state. A vassal state is a state which is largely autonomous, but is still engaged in a mutual relationship with a larger or more powerful civilization. This, coupled with the Japanese invasion of the 1590s, established a strong nationalist environment and sense throughout Korea, which was shown throughout their art and culture. The Koreans decided to depict the beauty and strength of Korea and the Korean people rather than the Chinese, Manchu, or Japanese.
In 1644, the Manchus rebelled against China and the Ming Dynasty. The Ming had been ruling for more than 200 years, and were being corrupted by misguided officials, ineffective rulers, a broke government, higher taxes, and bad harvests. People were starving and decided to rebel, and the Manchus came out on top. They overcame the Ming and moved their capital from Shenyang to Beijing.
The Ming dynasty, whose borders included Taiwan, China, Mongolia, and Tibet, had learned from their predecessors. Their first great king, Kangxi, ruled for sixty years, starting in 1661. He lessened expenses and taxes, and reduced unhappiness in his nation. Kangxi supported artists and intellectuals, and offered them government jobs. He spent a lot of time with Jesuits, who helped him advance with European techniques.
Kangxi's grandson, Qian Long, ruled from 1736-1795. He worked hard to deal with issues and warlike nomads. He also had to trade with European missionaries and merchants. In China, trade went by their rules, which included paying tribute and going to specified ports. The Dutch were main traders in the Indian Ocean, and they accepted the Chinese demands. This allowed for a mutually beneficial trade relationship. They gave gifts and performed a kowtow ritual in order to trade. They got porcelain, silk, and tea from the Chinese, and tea became a huge import into Europe by 1800. Great Britain wanted tea, but they did not like the Chinese restrictions. In 1793, Lord George Macartney sent a letter from King George III to Qian Long asking for a better agreement, but since he refused to kowtow, it did not work out.
Later on, the Qing began to trade with the British, but the British had nothing to trade back to them. They decided to take Indian land and grow opium. Opium is an addictive drug, and most of China became addicted and bought more and more, making England richer and richer.
In the Qing Dynasty, crop yield increased because of new irrigation uses and European crops, which led to a population explosion. These families favored sons over daughters. They had many responsibilities as other cultures did throughout history. Although sons had important responsibilities, women also worked as midwives and textile workers.
In 1644, the Manchus rebelled against China and the Ming Dynasty. The Ming had been ruling for more than 200 years, and were being corrupted by misguided officials, ineffective rulers, a broke government, higher taxes, and bad harvests. People were starving and decided to rebel, and the Manchus came out on top. They overcame the Ming and moved their capital from Shenyang to Beijing.
The Ming dynasty, whose borders included Taiwan, China, Mongolia, and Tibet, had learned from their predecessors. Their first great king, Kangxi, ruled for sixty years, starting in 1661. He lessened expenses and taxes, and reduced unhappiness in his nation. Kangxi supported artists and intellectuals, and offered them government jobs. He spent a lot of time with Jesuits, who helped him advance with European techniques.
Kangxi's grandson, Qian Long, ruled from 1736-1795. He worked hard to deal with issues and warlike nomads. He also had to trade with European missionaries and merchants. In China, trade went by their rules, which included paying tribute and going to specified ports. The Dutch were main traders in the Indian Ocean, and they accepted the Chinese demands. This allowed for a mutually beneficial trade relationship. They gave gifts and performed a kowtow ritual in order to trade. They got porcelain, silk, and tea from the Chinese, and tea became a huge import into Europe by 1800. Great Britain wanted tea, but they did not like the Chinese restrictions. In 1793, Lord George Macartney sent a letter from King George III to Qian Long asking for a better agreement, but since he refused to kowtow, it did not work out.
Later on, the Qing began to trade with the British, but the British had nothing to trade back to them. They decided to take Indian land and grow opium. Opium is an addictive drug, and most of China became addicted and bought more and more, making England richer and richer.
In the Qing Dynasty, crop yield increased because of new irrigation uses and European crops, which led to a population explosion. These families favored sons over daughters. They had many responsibilities as other cultures did throughout history. Although sons had important responsibilities, women also worked as midwives and textile workers.